Chronic drug abuse impairs executive functions such as working memory, decision-making, cognitive flexibility, and self-regulation.

Evidence from multiple studies shows that long-term drug use, including cannabis and psychostimulants, is linked to deficits in executive functions. These functions encompass abilities like planning, focusing attention, adapting to new situations, and controlling impulses. Impairments in these areas not only make it harder for individuals to quit using drugs but can also affect everyday life, reducing cognitive and behavioral flexibility.