Mass surveillance involves monitoring large populations often by governments using cameras, data interception, and facial recognition technologies.

Mass surveillance is a systematic and indiscriminate observation of people, typically conducted by governments or corporations. It can include various methods such as widespread CCTV cameras, bulk data collection from internet and phone use, and biometric technologies like facial recognition. Although often justified for national security and crime prevention, such surveillance can infringe on privacy rights and civil liberties. The scale of this observation has grown dramatically in recent years, fueled by advances in technology and data analytics.